How We Calculate Our Metrics

A guide to pay when starting out in this occupation: the low wage Job Bank publishes for it, near the bottom of what people in the occupation earn.

Where it comes from: Job Bank wages (2025), the low wage for the occupation in Canada as a whole, which Job Bank’s wage method says is in most cases the 10th percentile, and which may give some idea of pay in entry-level positions. It is the Entry Level bar under Salary Breakdown. Job Bank publishes most wages by the hour; CareerLookAI shows them as yearly amounts at 2,080 hours a year (40 hours a week for 52 weeks). Where Job Bank publishes yearly amounts, they are shown as published.

The middle wage: half of the people in this occupation earn more and half earn less. It is the best single number for typical pay.

Where it comes from: Job Bank’s median wage (2025) for the occupation in Canada as a whole, shown as a yearly amount in the same way. The Highest Paying Careers list ranks careers by this figure.

The high wage Job Bank publishes for the occupation: near the top of what people in it earn, often reached with years of experience, seniority or specialization.

Where it comes from: Job Bank wages (2025), the high wage for the occupation in Canada as a whole, which Job Bank says is in most cases the 90th percentile, shown as a yearly amount in the same way. It is the Top 10% bar under Salary Breakdown. Job Bank’s wages do not account for years of experience, so there is no Senior figure on a Canadian page.

Under Salary Breakdown you can choose Canada or a province or territory, and the low, median and high wages change to that region’s Job Bank figures.

How it works: only the provinces and territories in the picker are offered. Where Job Bank publishes no wage for the occupation in a region, the page says so and shows no number, never Canada’s figure under the region’s name. Job openings, the outlook and Job Availability stay national.

On a Canadian career page you will see a number like 7.5 / 10 with a level beside it, such as High. It shows how much employers in Canada need people in that occupation: 1 means little demand, 10 means a lot.

Where the number comes from: our own code works it out, the same way as on the US pages, from two official figures for the occupation. No AI picks the number. Both are turned into a score from 1 to 10 and combined:

The two figures	How it is scored	Counts for
Employment growth	The growth in the number of workers that COPS 2024–2033 projects over the ten years, as a share of the workers in 2023. A shrinking occupation (10% down or worse) scores 1; a fast-growing one (20% up or better) scores 10.	60%
Job openings a year	COPS 2024–2033 job openings divided by ten. 590 or fewer scores 1; 23,690 or more scores 10. In between it rises step by step as the number multiplies.	40%

The range for openings is the one CareerLookAI uses elsewhere, scaled to the size of Canada’s labour force (20,170,900 people employed in Canada in 2023, COPS 2024–2033), so an occupation that employs the same share of workers gets the same score.

What the number means:

Level	Score
Low	under 4.0
Moderate	4.0 to 6.9
High	7.0 to 8.9
Very High	9.0 and above

It is national, for Canada as a whole, like the outlook. An occupation whose figures are not published shows no Demand Score.

The official ten-year outlook for the occupation across Canada, shown as it is published. The Canadian occupations on CareerLookAI carry “Strong risk of Shortage”, “Moderate risk of Shortage”, “Balance”, “Moderate risk of Surplus” and “Strong risk of Surplus”.

Where it comes from: the Canadian Occupational Projection System (COPS) 2024–2033, which compares the job openings expected in each occupation with the job seekers expected to fill them, for Canada as a whole.

How easy jobs in this occupation are likely to be to find, in plain words from Very good to Very limited.

How it’s worked out: from the COPS 2024–2033 outlook, word for word as in this table; no AI is involved. It is national: it does not change with the province chosen under Salary Breakdown.

COPS outlook	Job Availability
Strong risk of Shortage	Very good
Moderate risk of Shortage	Good
Balance	Fair
Moderate risk of Surplus	Limited
Strong risk of Surplus	Very limited

The number of job openings expected in the occupation across Canada from 2024 to 2033, from new jobs and from replacing people who retire or leave.

Where it comes from: COPS 2024–2033 projected job openings. The In Demand list ranks careers by this figure. Annual Job Openings (in At a Glance; Annual Openings under Salary Breakdown and on Compare Careers) is the same total divided by ten and rounded: the yearly average.

The number of people employed in the occupation across Canada in 2023. A measure of how large and established the occupation is.

Where it comes from: the same COPS 2024–2033 data, employment in the occupation in 2023.

The education and training an occupation usually needs, from its TEER category in the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021: the second digit of the occupation’s five-digit NOC code.

Where it’s shown: on the Career Explorer and the In Demand and Highest Paying lists, and the In Demand list’s filters follow it: University Degree is TEER 1, No University Degree is TEER 2 to 5, and Management Roles is TEER 0. A career’s own page does not show the TEER category: its Education Requirements card describes the education and licensing usually expected, written by AI.

TEER	What it usually means
TEER 0	Management role
TEER 1	University degree
TEER 2	College diploma (2+ years) or apprenticeship
TEER 3	College (under 2 years) or job training
TEER 4	High school diploma
TEER 5	No formal education

A career whose occupation is TEER 0, a management occupation, carries the note “⏳ Senior Role — typically requires 5+ years of experience” on its career page.

How it’s decided: from the TEER category alone, never from the words in a career’s title.

Each Canadian career belongs to one occupation in the NOC 2021, shown under At a Glance with its five-digit code.

Why it matters: Job Bank and COPS publish one figure per occupation, so careers in the same occupation show the same wages and outlook, and the Related Careers card lists careers in the same occupation group.

An estimate of how much this career’s core tasks could be automated or reshaped by AI over the coming years: Low, Moderate or High. Where a career has an AI Risk Score (below), the level comes from the score, and can then also be Very High.

How it’s calculated: an AI-generated, qualitative assessment written for the Canadian page, not official statistics. High risk does not mean the job disappears; it usually means the work changes. The AI Career Impact card explains it in words, also written by AI, and the AI Careers at Risk list groups the Canadian careers by this level.

On a Canadian career page you will see a number like 7.7 / 10 with a level beside it, such as High. It is our estimate of how exposed that career is to AI in Canada: 1 means very little, 10 means a lot. We are adding it to every Canadian career, so for now some show only the level word.

Where the number comes from: an AI model, writing for the Canadian career, gives it a score from 1 to 10 on each of five questions, plus one short reason for each. They are the same five questions, with the same weights, as on the US pages. The model never picks the final number: our own code works it out from the five scores, as a weighted average, rounded to one decimal place.

The five questions	What it measures	Counts for
Routine, screen-based work	How much of the job is routine work done on a computer or screen.	30%
Hands-on physical work	A low score means the job is mostly hands-on work in changing, unpredictable places, which AI cannot do.	20%
Human trust and care	A low score means the job IS human trust, care or persuasion.	20%
Licences and responsibility	A low score means the job needs a licence, carries legal responsibility or makes high-stakes calls.	15%
AI already in use	How far AI tools are already being used in this field today.	15%

What the number means:

Level	Score
🟢 Low	under 4.0
🟡 Moderate	4.0 to 6.9
🟠 High	7.0 to 8.9
🔴 Very High	9.0 and above

Please read this part: this score is an AI-generated estimate made by CareerLookAI using a fixed set of questions. It is not research and it is not government statistics. A high score does not mean a job will disappear; it usually means the work will change. Each career page shows the five scores and the reasons behind them, so you can judge them for yourself. Where a career has a score, its level comes from the score.

Rubric version 1. If the questions or the weights ever change, the version number goes up and each career page shows when it was scored.

A 1-to-5 rating (shown as dots) of how manageable this career typically is alongside personal life, accounting for hours, scheduling flexibility, and how often work spills into off-hours. More dots is better.

How it’s calculated: An AI-generated rating written for the Canadian page, a qualitative judgement based on the nature of the work in Canada. It is not official statistics, and individual jobs and employers vary widely.

A 1-to-5 rating of how fulfilled people in this field tend to feel, reflecting things like sense of purpose, autonomy, recognition and day-to-day enjoyment. More dots is better.

How it’s calculated: An AI-generated rating written for the Canadian page, a qualitative judgement based on the nature of the work in Canada. It is not official statistics, and individual jobs and employers vary widely.

A 1-to-5 rating of how demanding this career tends to be: deadlines, high-stakes decisions, physical demands or emotional load. Here, more dots means more stress (the reverse of the other ratings).

How it’s calculated: An AI-generated rating written for the Canadian page, a qualitative judgement based on the nature of the work in Canada. It is not official statistics, and individual jobs and employers vary widely.

An estimate of the share of jobs in this occupation in Canada that can be done remotely, as a percentage.

How it’s estimated: by AI, written for the Canadian career page, not official statistics. Shown only when the estimate is a plain percentage.

An estimate of the usual weekly hours in this occupation in Canada.

How it’s estimated: by AI, written for the Canadian career page, not official statistics; actual hours vary by employer and role. Shown only when the estimate is a whole number of hours from 10 to 80.

A 1-to-5 rating of how much room there is to advance, through promotions, specialization, raises or leadership, over the course of a career in this field. More dots is better.

How it’s calculated: An AI-generated rating written for the Canadian page, a qualitative judgement based on the nature of the work in Canada. It is not official statistics, and individual jobs and employers vary widely.

Wages: Job Bank (2025). Job openings, the outlook and workers: the Canadian Occupational Projection System (COPS) 2024–2033. Education level and occupations: the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, Statistics Canada.

Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada.